What determines if a chemical burn is classified as superficial or deep?

The classification of a chemical burn as superficial or deep primarily depends on the nature of the chemical agent involved, particularly whether it is acidic or alkalinic. Acidic agents typically lead to superficial burns that are less damaging to deeper layers of the skin, as they tend to cause coagulation necrosis. In contrast, alkalinic agents can penetrate deeper tissues and cause more severe damage, leading to deep burns. This difference in burn depth results from the chemical reactivity and the process by which these agents affect the skin and underlying tissues.

The temperature of the chemical can influence the severity of a burn but does not solely determine its classification as superficial or deep. Similarly, while the duration of contact can affect the final outcome of the injury, it is not the primary criterion for classification. Lastly, the size of the affected area relates more to the overall severity of the injury rather than its classification into superficial or deep categories.