What is the primary lab test needed for inhalation burn victims?

For inhalation burn victims, the primary laboratory test required is an arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis with a specific focus on measuring carboxyhemoglobin levels. This is critical because inhalation injury can lead to the inhalation of smoke and toxic gases, including carbon monoxide, which binds to hemoglobin more effectively than oxygen.

Measuring carboxyhemoglobin levels helps determine the extent of carbon monoxide exposure, which is a common complication in patients with inhalation injuries. The assessment provides crucial information about the patient's oxygenation and can guide treatment decisions, such as the need for hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

In contrast, while the other tests may provide useful information in the management of burn patients, they do not specifically address the immediate concerns associated with inhalation injuries. The coagulation profile, complete blood count, and liver function tests offer insights into overall health, blood clotting ability, and liver status, but they are not designed to evaluate the critical effects of inhaled toxic substances on respiratory and cardiovascular function. Therefore, the ABG with a focus on carboxyhemoglobin is essential for assessing and managing inhalation burn victims effectively.