What potential complication is associated with not performing an escharotomy on a patient with a full thickness burn?

In the case of a full thickness burn, one potential complication that can arise when an escharotomy is not performed is respiratory distress due to ventilation restriction. Full thickness burns can create a tough, leathery eschar that can restrict movement and expansion of the underlying tissues. If a burn occurs on the chest wall, this restriction can hinder the expansion of the thoracic cavity, making it difficult for the patient to breathe adequately. As a result, the patient may experience respiratory distress, as the chest cannot expand fully during inhalation.

The procedure of escharotomy involves making incisions through the eschar to relieve pressure and allow for normal tissue expansion and blood flow. By alleviating this restriction, escharotomy helps maintain adequate respiratory function and reduces the risk of developing more severe respiratory complications. Thus, recognizing the need for escharotomy in cases of full thickness burns is critical for maintaining respiratory health and promoting better outcomes.