When should you consider applying a c-collar during assessment?

Applying a c-collar, or cervical collar, during the assessment of a patient is crucial when considering the mechanism of injury (MOI). The MOI helps in evaluating the potential for cervical spine injuries and dictates the need for spinal stabilization. For instance, in cases of trauma, such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, or any incident where there is a risk of impact to the head or neck, the application of a c-collar serves to immobilize the cervical spine and prevent further injury.

When the mechanism of injury suggests a possibility of spinal trauma, it is essential to err on the side of caution by applying a c-collar, regardless of the patient's alertness or orientation. While a patient may appear alert and aware, they might still have sustained an injury that could worsen if the head and neck are not immobilized. Additionally, the severity of a burn does not inherently indicate a need for c-collar application unless accompanying trauma suggests a spinal injury.

In terms of drug use, while a history of substance abuse may impact the patient’s overall assessment or alertness, it does not directly indicate the need for a c-collar unless the mechanism of injury ties into possible spinal compromise. Therefore, the mechanism of injury is the most relevant factor that